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Migraines typically progress through several stages, although not everyone experiences all of these stages, and the severity and duration of each stage can vary from person to person. The four most common stages of a migraine are:

1. Prodrome (Premonitory Phase): This is the first stage and can occur a day or two before the actual headache. During this phase, you may notice subtle changes in your mood, energy levels, or physical well-being. Common prodrome symptoms include fatigue, food cravings, mood swings, and increased thirst. Some people also experience neck stiffness, frequent yawning, or heightened sensitivity to light and sound.

2. Aura (Not Everyone Experiences This): Not all migraine sufferers experience an aura, but when it does occur, it typically happens before the headache. Auras are temporary sensory disturbances that can affect vision, hearing, and other senses. Visual auras are the most common and may involve seeing flashing lights, zigzag lines, blind spots, or shimmering lights. Auras can last for 20 minutes to an hour and are followed by the headache phase.

3. Headache (Attack Phase): This is the most severe and debilitating stage of a migraine. The headache is typically one-sided, throbbing, and can last for hours to days. It’s often accompanied by symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and extreme sensitivity to light and sound. This stage can significantly disrupt daily activities, and many migraine sufferers seek a dark, quiet place to rest during this phase.

4. Postdrome (Recovery Phase): After the headache phase, there’s a postdrome or recovery phase. This stage can last for hours or even days. It’s characterized by feelings of exhaustion, confusion, and a “hangover” sensation. You may also experience mood changes, such as feeling elated or mildly depressed. The postdrome phase gradually fades, and you start to return to your normal state.

It’s important to note that not all individuals with migraines experience all of these stages. Some people may only have the headache phase, while others may have auras without the headache. The duration and severity of each stage can also vary from person to person. If you have recurrent and severe headaches that you suspect are migraines, it’s advisable to consult a healthcare professional for a proper diagnosis and personalized management plan.